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If you loose your account password, there will be no possibility to ask to any entity for a password recovery. Your account and its content will thus be lost. If you delete accidentally the keyfile, the account will too be unusable. Make sure you backup your keyfiles regularly |
Popular wallets
Here is a non exhaustive list of wallets.
- My Ether wallet
MyEtherWallet is nn open source, javascript, client-side tool for generating Ethererum Wallets & sending transactions. - Mist ethreum wallet
The Mist Ethereum wallet, and its parent Mist project, are being developed under the auspices of the Ethereum Foundation. It is the GUI-based option for creating accounts with the geth command. - EtherLi
EtherLi is the worlds first multi-signature Ethereum web wallet. This is the first Ethereum wallet that allows you to access your funds from anywhere on the web while taking advantage of multi-signature security layered with two-factor authentication for outgoing transactions.
Create and manage your account
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As of 2016-05-13, The Mist wallet is still a beta software and shall be used at your own risk. A bug can leave you with a broken wallet and a potential lost of your wallet content. |
Solidity
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Ethereum’s JavaScript-like programming language used to write smart contracts is called solidity. Solidity is roughly speaking, an object-oriented language designed for writing contracts in Ethereum. This is a language designed specifically to help express agreements that must encode ideas and relationships relevant to Real Life, or some formal model thereof. As such we see notions such as ownership, identity, protections and restrictions forming a core part of the vocabulary and idiomatic grammarContracts live on the blockchain in a Ethereum-specific binary format called Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) bytecode. Contracts are typically written in some high level language such as Solidity and then compiled into bytecode to be uploaded on the blockchain.
Solidity is the DEV-created (i.e. Ethereum Foundation-created), Javascript-inspired statically-typed language that can be used to create smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. There are other languages you can use as well (LLL, Serpent, etc). The main points in favour of Solidity is that it is statically typed and offers many advanced features like inheritance, libraries, complex user-defined types and a bytecode optimizer.
The best way to try out Solidity right now is using the Browser-Based Compiler.
All needed information to start writing code with Solidity can be found on the Read the doc website.
Contract
The contract is the basic structure of Solidity. It is a prototype of an object which lives on the blockchain. A contract may be instantiated into a contract-account (or 'object', or sometimes just 'account') at which point it gets a uniquely identifying address with which is may be called. The address here is similar to a reference or pointer in C-like languages, or just a plain old object in Javascript. Like plain objects in many object-oriented languages, contracts can never run themselves - they may only be called, or, put another way, they can only react to the receipt of a message; they can never be proactive.
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From Vitalik Buterin in ethereum blog: a smart contract is a mechanism involving digital assets and two or more parties, where some or all of the parties put assets in and assets are automatically redistributed among those parties according to a formula based on certain data that is not known at the time the contract is initiated. |
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History
The phrase and concept of smart contracts was developed by Nick Szabo as far back as 1994, with the goal of bringing what he calls the "highly evolved" practices of contract law and practice to the design of electronic commerce protocols between strangers on the Internet. Nick is a computer scientist known for his research in digital contracts and digital currency. Although Szabo has repeatedly denied it, people have speculated that he is the one behind Satoshi Nakamoto, the designer of Bitcoins.
Fist papers by Nick Szabo on this topic are:
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In 1996, as part of a startup doing bond trading on the net, Ian Grigg created a method to bring a classical 'paper' contract into touch with a digital accounting system such as cryptocurrencies. The form, which became known as the Ricardian Contract, was readily usable for anything that you could put into a written contract, beyond its original notion of bonds.
In short: write a standard contract such as a bond. Insert some machine-readable tags that would include parties, amounts, dates, etc that the program also needed to display. Then sign the document using a cleartext digital signature, one that preserves the essence as a human-readable contract. OpenPGP works well for that. This document can be seen on the left of this bow-tie diagram.
Definition
A smart contract is a collection of code (its functions) and data (its state) that resides at a specific address on the Ethereum blockchain. Contract accounts are able to pass messages between themselves as well as doing practically Turing complete computation. They are little programs that execute “if this happens then do that”, run and verified by many computers to ensure trustworthiness.
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Wikipedia defines a corporation as “a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.” While The DAO is a group of people authorized to act as a single economic entity, no governmental body recognizes it as such.
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Contracts live on the blockchain in a Ethereum-specific binary format called Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) bytecode. Contracts are typically written in some high level language such as Solidity and then compiled into bytecode to be uploaded on the blockchain.
Solidity is the DEV-created (i.e. Ethereum Foundation-created), Javascript-inspired language that can be used to create smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. There are other languages you can use as well (LLL, Serpent, etc). The main points in favour of Solidity is that it is statically typed and offers many advanced features like inheritance, libraries, complex user-defined types and a bytecode optimizer.
The best way to try out Solidity right now is using the Browser-Based Compiler.
All needed information to start writing code with Solidity can be found on the Read the doc website.
Security
http://www.dejavusecurity.com/blog/2015/7/23/deja-vu-security-assists-in-ethereum-release
https://klmoney.wordpress.com/
See also
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- Ethereum blog terminology guide
- Erights: home of E, the secure distributed persistent language for capability-based smart contracting
- bitsonblocks: introduction to smart contracts
- Nick Szabo Smart contract idea - 1997
- Nick Szabo: Contracts with bearers - 1997/1999
- Ethereum Homestead: connecting to the network
- Solidity workshop